Breadcrumb

A breadcrumb (also called breadcrumb navigation) is a website navigation tool that shows users their current location within the site’s hierarchy. Typically displayed as a horizontal path, it indicates the hierarchical position of the current page relative to the homepage or other parent pages. Breadcrumbs enhance usability and simplify navigation, particularly on complex websites with deep content structures. 

The term derives metaphorically from the breadcrumbs in the fairy tale Hansel and Gretel, which served as wayfinders. In the digital context, breadcrumbs help users maintain their orientation and allow them to quickly navigate back to higher-level categories or topics. They are especially useful for e-commerce sites, blogs, and information portals where multiple levels of subpages exist. 

• Hierarchical breadcrumbs: Display the current page's position in the website's hierarchy. Example: Homepage > Category > Subcategory > Product Page 
• Attribute-based breadcrumbs: Organized around attributes or filters. Example: Homepage > Women’s Clothing > Size: M > Color: Red 
• Path-based breadcrumbs: Show the actual navigation path the user has taken. This type is less common. 

• Improved user experience: Breadcrumbs make navigation easier and reduce user frustration. 
• Search engine optimization (SEO): They help search engines understand the site structure and can appear in search results. 
• Lower bounce rate: Users can more easily access other pages, increasing time spent on the website. 
• Clarity and structure: Breadcrumbs promote a clean and intuitive design. 

An online electronics store might use breadcrumbs like this: 

Homepage > Electronics > Smartphones > Apple > iPhone 14 Pro 

This gives users a clear view of their current location and allows them to return to a parent category at a glance. 

A breadcrumb is a simple yet powerful tool for improving website navigation and SEO performance. It significantly enhances user-friendliness, ensuring visitors can browse a site efficiently. As a result, it boosts both customer satisfaction and conversion rates.